Complete anatomy of the knee7/27/2023 ![]() ![]() medial – on the inner side of the knee, this is largest of the two.The menisci also contain nerves that help improve balance and stability and ensure the correct weight distribution between the femur and tibia. Meniscus: these are crescent-shaped discs that act as a cushion, or “shock absorber” so that the bones of the knee can move through their range of motion without rubbing directly against each other. There are two types of cartilage in the knee: It is lined with the thickest layer of cartilage in the body because it endures a great deal of force. The patella is a small, triangle shaped bone that sits at the front of the knee, within the quadriceps muscle. The knee joint keeps these bones in place. ![]() The femur (thigh bone), tibia (shin bone), and patella (kneecap) make up the bones of the knee. support the body in an upright position without the need for muscles to workīelow, we will explain the basic components of knee anatomy.The knee is designed to fulfill a number of functions: It consists of bones, meniscus, ligaments, and tendons. The knee is a hinge joint that is responsible for weight-bearing and movement. It is made of a thick, smooth tissue that acts as a protective covering over the ends of the longs bones at the joint space.Share on Pinterest The knee is the most complex joint in the human body. It serves as a gliding surface for when the knee bends, straightens and slightly rotates. The cartilage is the most important surface in the knee for absorbing shock. These two structures serve as shock absorption for the knee. The tendons involved in the knee include the quadriceps tendon, the patella tendon, hamstring tendons, and the iliotibial band. Tendons are the reason a muscle can move the bones in our body when muscles contract. Similar to ligaments, they are made of collagen and can withstand increased tension. Tendons are thick bands of connective tissue that connect muscle to bone. Low blood supply can also increase the risk of rupture when the ligament is overstressed. The blood supply to the ligaments inside the knee (ACL and PCL) is fairly low, which affects the healing process of an injured ligament. In contrast, the fibers of the medial collateral and lateral collateral ligaments pass more straight from bone to bone along the sides of the knee joint. The fibers of the anterior cruciate and posterior cruciate ligaments are wound in a spiral pattern to withstand the twisting and pulling of the knee. The ligaments of the knee include cruciate (Latin word for “cross”) and collateral ligaments. To withstand forces that it takes from different directions a ligament is made of a weaving matrix of fibers. Ligaments are tough and flexible and look like a white band or cable-like structure. They are fairly short in comparison to tendons, but very similar in what they are made of. Ligaments are a dense connective tissue that connects bone to bone. Structures that support the knee include ligaments, tendons, meniscus and cartilage. The three bones that make up the knee are the femur (thighbone), tibia (shinbone) and patella (knee cap). It works to flex (bend) and extend (straighten) and also has a small amount of rotation. It is also classified as a synovial joint along with the ankle and elbow. The knee is what is called a hinge joint. ![]()
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